Industrial Vision Inspection System

Application

Description

A complete FPGA-based machine vision solution for industrial quality inspection, defect detection, and measurement applications. This solution leverages Gowin Arora FPGAs for real-time image processing with low latency and high reliability.

Core Advantages

Real-Time Processing FPGA-based parallel processing enables deterministic low-latency image analysis, critical for high-speed production lines requiring immediate pass/fail decisions.
Flexible Algorithm Implementation Reconfigurable logic allows customization of inspection algorithms for specific products without hardware changes, reducing time-to-market for new inspection requirements.
Cost-Effective Solution Gowin FPGAs provide excellent performance-per-watt and performance-per-dollar compared to traditional industrial vision systems, enabling competitive system pricing.
Industrial Reliability Extended temperature range operation and robust design practices ensure reliable 24/7 operation in harsh factory environments.
Scalable Architecture Modular design supports single-camera to multi-camera configurations, allowing systems to scale with production requirements while maintaining consistent performance.

Recommended Bill of Materials (BOM)

Item Part Number Description Quantity Datasheet
1 GW2A-LV18QN88C8/I7 Arora FPGA - Main processing unit 1 📄 Download
2 DDR3-512MB DDR3 SDRAM - Frame buffer memory 1 📄 Download
3 KSZ9031 Gigabit Ethernet PHY 1 📄 Download
4 TPD12S016 HDMI ESD protection 1 📄 Download
5 MIPI-30PIN MIPI CSI-2 camera connector 2 📄 Download
6 RJ45-MAG Ethernet connector with magnetics 1 📄 Download

Applications

PCB inspection and defect detection
Surface quality inspection
Dimensional measurement and gauging
Barcode and OCR reading
Robotic vision guidance

Technical Specifications

Image Sensor Support
OV5640, OV9281, IMX series
Max Resolution
5MP (2592x1944)
Frame Rate
60fps at 1080p, 30fps at 5MP
Processing Pipeline
Bayer conversion, denoise, edge enhancement
Detection Algorithms
Blob analysis, template matching, edge detection
Output Interface
10/100/1000 Ethernet, Modbus TCP
Power Consumption
< 5W typical
Dimensions
100mm x 80mm x 25mm

Customer Success Stories

Precision Electronics Manufacturer

Electronics Manufacturing | PCB Assembly Inspection

Challenge

The customer needed to inspect PCB assemblies at high speed (120 boards/minute) for component presence, orientation, and solder joint quality. Their existing PC-based vision system had inconsistent latency and couldn't keep up with production line speeds.

Solution

We implemented a Gowin GW2A-18 based vision system with dual MIPI camera inputs. The FPGA processes images in real-time using custom algorithms for component detection and solder joint analysis. Results are communicated to the PLC via Modbus TCP.

Results

Automotive Parts Supplier

Automotive | Surface Defect Detection

Challenge

The customer required 100% surface inspection of polished metal parts for scratches, dents, and contamination. The inspection needed to operate in a harsh factory environment with oil mist and vibration.

Solution

A ruggedized vision system was developed using the GW2A-18 FPGA with specialized lighting control and high-dynamic-range image processing. The system uses multi-angle illumination to highlight surface defects.

Results

FAE Expert Insights

D

David Wang

Senior FAE - Vision Systems

12 years

Professional Insights

Industrial vision systems demand a careful balance between processing performance, latency, and cost. In my experience implementing dozens of vision systems, Gowin Arora FPGAs hit the sweet spot for mid-range applications. The key to success is optimizing the image processing pipeline - don't just port PC algorithms to FPGA. Instead, design algorithms that leverage FPGA parallelism. For example, we implemented a custom convolution engine that processes 1080p video at 60fps while using only 30% of the GW2A-18's resources. Another critical factor is lighting - spend time characterizing your illumination setup before writing a single line of code. The FPGA can compensate for some lighting variations, but good lighting design reduces algorithm complexity significantly. I always recommend starting with a proof-of-concept using the Tang Nano 9K board to validate your camera and basic processing pipeline before committing to custom hardware.

Key Takeaways

  • Start with lighting design - it's more important than processing power
  • Use Tang Nano 9K for algorithm proof-of-concept before custom hardware
  • Optimize algorithms for FPGA parallelism rather than porting PC code
  • Consider industrial interfaces (Ethernet, RS-485) early in design
  • Plan for calibration and maintenance in your software architecture

Decision Framework

Steps:
  1. Define inspection requirements - resolution, speed, defect types
  2. Select camera and optics based on field of view needs
  3. Estimate processing requirements - detection vs measurement
  4. Choose FPGA based on logic and memory requirements
  5. Design lighting for consistent image quality
  6. Develop algorithms on development board
  7. Design production hardware with industrial interfaces

Ready to Implement This Solution?

Contact our FAE team for design support and quotes

Contact Us Now

Frequently Asked Questions

What camera sensors are compatible with this vision system?

The vision system supports a wide range of camera sensors through its flexible MIPI CSI-2 interface. Compatible sensors include: Omnivision OV5640 (5MP), OV9281 (1MP global shutter), Sony IMX290/IMX327 (starlight cameras for low-light applications), and ON Semiconductor AR series. The system can accommodate sensors with 1-4 MIPI lanes and data rates up to 1.5 Gbps per lane. For high-speed applications, global shutter sensors are recommended to avoid motion blur. When selecting a sensor, consider resolution requirements, frame rate, light sensitivity, and cost. Our FAE team can help evaluate specific sensors for your application and provide interface timing analysis.

Contact our FAE team with your specific camera requirements for sensor recommendations and compatibility verification. We can provide reference designs for popular sensor options.

How accurate is the measurement capability of this system?

Measurement accuracy depends on multiple factors including camera resolution, optics, lighting, and calibration. With a 5MP camera (2592x1944) and appropriate optics, the system can achieve sub-pixel measurement accuracy of ±0.05mm over a 100mm field of view. For higher precision requirements, higher resolution cameras or telecentric lenses can be used. The FPGA-based processing enables real-time sub-pixel edge detection algorithms that improve accuracy beyond the native pixel resolution. Calibration using precision gauge blocks is essential for achieving specified accuracy. The system includes calibration routines and can compensate for lens distortion and perspective effects. For critical measurements, we recommend conducting a gauge R&R study to validate system capability.

Define your measurement accuracy requirements and field of view. Contact us for optical design consultation and accuracy validation procedures.

Can this system integrate with existing factory automation equipment?

Yes, the vision system is designed for seamless factory integration with multiple industrial communication options. Standard interfaces include: Gigabit Ethernet with Modbus TCP/IP for PLC communication, RS-485 for legacy equipment, and discrete I/O for trigger and pass/fail signals. The system supports common industrial protocols and can be configured to match your existing infrastructure. For MES integration, inspection results and images can be transmitted via Ethernet to factory databases. The FPGA implementation ensures deterministic response times for real-time control applications. We provide configuration tools and documentation for common PLCs including Siemens, Allen-Bradley, and Mitsubishi. Custom protocol implementations are possible using the FPGA's programmable logic.

Document your existing automation architecture and communication requirements. Contact us for integration planning and protocol configuration support.

What is the typical development timeline for a custom vision application?

Development timeline varies based on application complexity, but typical phases include: 1) Requirements analysis and feasibility study (1-2 weeks) - define inspection criteria and validate technical approach. 2) Proof of concept (2-4 weeks) - develop algorithms on Tang Nano 9K development board. 3) Hardware design (4-6 weeks) - design custom PCB with appropriate interfaces. 4) Software development (4-8 weeks) - implement and optimize processing algorithms. 5) System integration and testing (2-4 weeks) - integrate with production line and validate performance. 6) Deployment and training (1-2 weeks) - install system and train operators. Total timeline typically ranges from 3-6 months for a complete custom solution. Using standard hardware platforms and IP cores can reduce this timeline significantly. We offer development services to accelerate your project.

Contact us early in your project to discuss requirements and development approach. We can provide phased development options to reduce time-to-market.

How does this FPGA solution compare to smart cameras or PC-based vision systems?

FPGA-based vision systems offer unique advantages compared to alternatives: Compared to smart cameras, FPGAs provide greater processing flexibility and can handle multiple cameras or complex algorithms that exceed smart camera capabilities. FPGA systems also offer lower per-channel cost for multi-camera applications. Compared to PC-based systems, FPGAs provide deterministic real-time performance with consistent latency, better reliability (no OS to crash), lower power consumption, and smaller form factor. However, PC systems may be preferable for very complex algorithms that are easier to implement in software. The Gowin FPGA solution specifically offers excellent cost-performance ratio, making it competitive with both smart cameras and PC systems while providing the benefits of both approaches. For applications requiring real-time response, multiple cameras, or custom algorithms, FPGA is often the optimal choice.

Evaluate your requirements for latency determinism, processing complexity, camera count, and cost. Contact us for a detailed comparison based on your specific application.