TLC (Triple-Level Cell) stores 3 bits per cell, while QLC (Quad-Level Cell) stores 4 bits per cell. TLC offers better endurance (3,000-10,000 P/E cycles) and faster write performance. QLC provides higher density and lower cost per gigabyte but with reduced endurance (1,000-3,000 P/E cycles). Choose TLC for performance-critical applications and QLC for read-intensive, cost-sensitive applications.

3D NAND stacks memory cells vertically, enabling higher densities and improved performance compared to planar NAND. Micron's 176-layer and 232-layer technologies offer exceptional density and reliability. 3D NAND has largely replaced planar NAND in modern storage products.

NAND endurance is measured in P/E (Program/Erase) cycles. Calculate your workload's write amplification and daily write volume to determine required endurance. Implement over-provisioning and wear leveling to extend device lifetime. Consider SLC caching for write-intensive workloads.